我是受到了SOAPfuse的启发才想到整理各种基因组版本的对应关系,完整版!!!
以后再也不用担心各种基因组版本混乱了,我还特意把所有的下载链接都找到了,可以下载任意版本基因组的基因fasta文件,gtf注释文件等等!!!
首先是NCBI对应UCSC,对应ENSEMBL数据库:
GRCh36 (hg18): ENSEMBL release_52.GRCh37 (hg19): ENSEMBL release_59/61/64/68/69/75.GRCh38 (hg38): ENSEMBL release_76/77/78/80/81/82.
可以看到ENSEMBL的版本特别复杂!!!很容易搞混!
但是UCSC的版本就简单了,就hg18,19,38, 常用的是hg19,但是我推荐大家都转为hg38
看起来NCBI也是很简单,就GRCh36,37,38,但是里面水也很深!
Feb 13 2014 00:00 Directory April_14_2003 Apr 06 2006 00:00 Directory BUILD.33 Apr 06 2006 00:00 Directory BUILD.34.1 Apr 06 2006 00:00 Directory BUILD.34.2 Apr 06 2006 00:00 Directory BUILD.34.3 Apr 06 2006 00:00 Directory BUILD.35.1 Aug 03 2009 00:00 Directory BUILD.36.1 Aug 03 2009 00:00 Directory BUILD.36.2 Sep 04 2012 00:00 Directory BUILD.36.3 Jun 30 2011 00:00 Directory BUILD.37.1 Sep 07 2011 00:00 Directory BUILD.37.2 Dec 12 2012 00:00 Directory BUILD.37.3
可以看到,有37.1, 37.2, 37.3 等等,不过这种版本一般指的是注释在更新,基因组序列一般不会更新!!!
反正你记住hg19基因组大小是3G,压缩后八九百兆即可!!!
如果要下载GTF注释文件,基因组版本尤为重要!!!
对于ensembl:
变幻中间的release就可以拿到所有版本信息:ftp://ftp.ensembl.org/pub/
对于UCSC,那就有点麻烦了:
需要选择一系列参数:
1. Navigate to http://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTables2. Select the following options:
clade: Mammal
genome: Human
assembly: Feb. 2009 (GRCh37/hg19)
group: Genes and Gene Predictions
track: UCSC Genes
table: knownGene
region: Select "genome" for the entire genome.
output format: GTF - gene transfer format
output file: enter a file name to save your results to a file, or leave blank to display results in the browser3. Click 'get output'.
现在重点来了,搞清楚版本关系了,就要下载呀!
UCSC里面下载非常方便,只需要根据基因组简称来拼接url即可:
或者用shell脚本指定下载的染色体号:
for i in $(seq 1 22) X Y M;
do echo $i;
wget http://hgdownload.cse.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/hg19/chromosomes/chr${i}.fa.gz;## 这里也可以用NCBI的:ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/M_musculus/ARCHIVE/MGSCv3_Release3/Assembled_Chromosomes/chr前缀
done
gunzip *.gz
for i in $(seq 1 22) X Y M;
do cat chr${i}.fa >> hg19.fasta;
done
rm -fr chr*.fasta